Now let’s imagine the design and visualization before instead of pre-slednitskaya robots(project), and also show the butt and the design replacement of pre-slednik work But the student’s project is intended to receive assistance from competently designed work.
We will try to arrange for food, how to apply for a replacement (replacement) before the end of school or to enroll in the Children's Health Department (kindergarten). And even if we put it together correctly in the previous project, we can easily understand how correct the planning and structure of the work was, which was formulated by the child.
We will outline the structure and application of the initial-pre-research work, which is related to the registration of the place (s) of the scientific-pre-research work of a schoolchild or student.
Do not try to add this to yourself instead of the last work, the names of the sections and paragraphs of the project work should be short and concise, ordered and numbered, so as to avoid hierarchy.
Registration of the place of pre-slednytska work
When registering a job replacement for the pre-slednytsky project be placed on another arch and formed well with the butt we point and the symbol below.
All divisions in “Zmistya” begin with great literature.
Upon registration headings of the steps of the new level it is necessary to combine one by one. The headings of the cutaneous step are shifted five characters to the right. All the stench begins with great literature without a speck.
Heads and paragraphs for the project are numbered according to the bagatory system, so they are designated with digital numbers, so that at all levels the number of their heading and the headings of each one are ordered (for example, 1.1, 1.2 etc.).
Separated Enter", "Visnovok", "List of references"і" Program not numbered!
Illustration of the place of pre-slednytska work (project)
In simple words, the place is drawn up strictly according to the rules, the sections of the pre-investigation work are numbered and indicated, as the pages of the project text are indicated.
Entry................................................... ................3
(In the entry, please describe: the background of the choice of those robots, the object and the subject of investigation, the meta and background investigation, hypothesis, methods of investigation, the novelty of the research work (for obviousness), theoretical and practical (for obviousness) significance there are robots)
1. Preparation before investigation (for example).......5
1.1 Historical reports...................................5
1.2 Collecting information...............................................7
1.3 Conducted questionnaire...................................8
1.4 Safety precautions...................................9
(Safety rules are described as necessary)
2. Conducting investigations (for example).........................10
2.1 First stage of investigation....................................10
2.2 Another stage of investigation.................................11
2.3 Final stage of investigation.....12
Visnovok........................................................ ...........13
(Pouches of the last robot)
References.........................................................14
Program......................................................... ..........15
We appreciate that the replacement of the previous project is drawn up even more carefully, with strict alignment of the text and numbering.
Structure of scientific research work
The structure of scientific research work, presented before public protection, is, however, the same for different levels of such work - from coursework and graduation qualifications to work at the scientific level of candidate or doctor of science. Of course, the songs of importance, or else the structure, the logic of their organization are immutable.
In the first and last robots, the standard of scientific work is becoming increasingly sophisticated. Obviously its elements are:
· Title page
· Join
· Main part
- Section 1. Review of scientific research
- Chapter 2. Organization and methods of empirical research
- Chapter 3. Results of investigation and discussion
Visnovok
· Bibliographic list
· Add-ons (if necessary)
Depending on the course, the current structure of the work is subject to change (section 1.3. Brief steps before changing the structure of coursework and graduation work). Thus, in the course work of a 2nd year bachelor’s degree, the main part consists of an overview of scientific issues (in several sections) of the stated problem. Ask her for a daily description of the organization and the results of independent empirical research.
Starting from the third year of study, the student’s final work acquires more structure. In addition, It is important to consider the student’s orientation towards scientific research and practical activities In the field of transferring the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education (FSES VO) of direct training (division add. 2–3), the student’s pre-study work can be either a “science” or an “applied” dominant. In psychological studies, the “applied” dominant is transferred to the 3rd and 4th courses of bachelor’s degree courses and the verification of the effectiveness of current programs and the development of correctional, developmental and other influx. For applied master's degree, for example, for direct preparation 050400.68 (2010 r.) or 44.04.02 (2014 r.) “Psychological and pedagogical creation” in the course of pre-study work, the possible development of new programs of psychological infusion or or original diagnostic tools.
Title page
The first page of the work is the title page. The title page is drawn up in accordance with the attachments indicated by the addendum. 5 .
On the title page the following is written:
The name of the founder, the university, the faculty, the department, and the name of the work (at the top, at the center);
Called those (at the center);
Nickname, name, according to father, special signature of the student (overall, lower than the name, right-handed), directly training (from the assigned code), and for masters - the name of the master's program;
Nickname, name, according to Father, scientific level, posada and special signature of the scientific kerivnik;
Information about the admission of work to protection signed by the supervisor
department;
Mіsto, rіk written robots (below, near the center).
The page number on the title page is not indicated.
On the other side there is a space where the main sections of the work and related sides are indicated. The place includes the introduction, naming of all sections, sections and sub-divisions, revisions, a list of selected items and literature, naming of addendums from designated page numbers from which work elements begin. GOST 2.105-95 “References to text documents” stipulates that names that are included before the change are written in small letters, beginning with large ones. However, GOST 7.32-2001 “Report about scientific research work” does not interfere with its nutrition, but rather overrides GOST 2.105-95, the author believes himself, as he prescribes the name. Bazhano (albeit not obov'yazkovo), so that the replacement is located on one side. The text is liable to change both in place and in form.
By creating the electronic structure of the document in the Word text editor (Microsoft Corporation), the replacement is automatically generated at the required location from the designated pages of the skin structural component. It’s very easy, since after correcting the text, you can change the assignment of new page numbers and new paragraphs automatically. Basic lessons on creating automatic changes in the Word text editor (Microsoft Corporation) can be easily found on the Internet.
An example of the registration of the change is given in Appendix 6.
Enter
The “Enter” section is expanded immediately after changing and must include the following subsections:
Briefly outline the selection of those;
The problem of research and its relevance;
The significance of the work, the feasibility and the form of viability of the results is theoretical and/or practical;
Methodological research framework (reexamination of theories, concepts, approaches that underlie it, from the designated authors);
Empirical foundations of robots (results of empirical research on what lies at the basis of robots);
Meta, object, subject and research;
Research hypothesis(es);
Methods of research and analysis of data;
Approbation (this point may be omitted).
Preparatory care – keep the reader informed about where the work was carried out and why it was primed. In this part it is necessary to briefly open the local structure of the exhaust robot, then. Comment on the appointments in the section. The volume of this section is 2–4 sides.
METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS
BEHIND THE ZMIST
AFTER THE ROBOTI STUDY
Foreman Volzhina Irina Anatolievna,
methodologist of the State Medical Center of RV m. Murmanska
3.1. Vimogi to text
3.2. Butt of title page design
3.3. Example of application form
3.4. Applications for the design of bibliographic documents
4. Peculiarities of pre-scientific work in various fields of science
4.1. Pre-investigative activity of scientists in history
4.2. Pre-research activities of sociology scholars
4.3. Pre-research activities of scholars from literature
4.4. Pre-research activities of environmental scientists
4.5. Pre-research activities of physics scientists
4.6. Pre-research activities of scientists in chemistry
4.7. Pre-investigative activity of the students
for directly “Fashion and Design”
Compositional structure of pre-slednytsia work
Composition of pre-Slednytsia work- This is the sequence of reshaping the main parts of the investigation. The final work includes the following parts: title page, instructions and scientific article.
Title page place current attributes: names of conferences and works, information about the author (nickname, name, according to Father, initial deposit, class) and scientific kerniki (nickname, name, according to Father, settlement, place of work).
Abstract is a short description of the work and may contain the most important information about the work and include the following information: meta work, methods and techniques used in the work, data removal; visnovki. The abstract is located on one page and contains: title (name of work, author's name, locality, initial title, class), then in the middle the word “Abstract”, followed by the text of the abstract.
Science article
Scientific article (description of work) may be revengeful:
Enter
Main part
Visnovok
List of wikis and literature.
Enter It is necessary to include the formulation of the problem statement, depict the relevance of those, the designated goals and tasks set before the Vikonavian work, a short review of the literature and research, the stage of development of this diet, the characteristics of the special application of the work in the current problem. .
Main part It is necessary to include the information collected and compiled by the investigator, as well as a description of the main facts that are considered, the characteristics of the methods of the current problem, the level of the author’s previous knowledge and the proposed methods for solving the problem. bath of the chosen solution option (effectiveness, completeness, practical significance, etc.). The main part is divided into chapters.
In a wilted state In a laconic way, the principles and results obtained by the author are formulated. Directly further investigations and propositions should be made in order to achieve a practical and practical approach to the results of investigations.
Up to the list of references be included in publications, published and published by the author.
Information about the skin product may be included in the following order: name, author's initials, title of the publication, publication date, publication date, issue number (if published periodically), number of publications ink. All items shown are numbered and arranged in alphabetical order.
Dopovid You can place programs with illustrative material (little pictures, diagrams, maps, tables, photographs, etc.), which may be related to the main place.
Conceptual apparatus of investigation
Relevance is the initial and obligatory stage of any pre-sleuth work. Therefore, the concern may begin with the relevance of the research obtained. The relevance of the investigation is the level of its importance at the moment and in this situation for the development of a specific problem. The clarified relevance may be rich in meaning.
The relevance of the research may be related to:
from the innocence afforded by those. In this case, the investigation is more relevant because the song aspects have not been completely studied and the investigation has been carried out directly on the heels of these areas;
with the possibility of achieving a high level of practical tasks based on the findings obtained from the research data.
One of these directives, and those at other times, may appear in the characterization of this element of the conceptual apparatus of scientific research. A formal statement of relevance is unacceptable, which is most often found in the research of scientists. The relevance of the research carried out is significant.
An indisputable indicator of relevance is the identification of the problem in this problem.
The most important problem of investigation is to complete the task. Whether scientific research is carried out in order to clear up the difficulties in the process of understanding new phenomena, to explain previously unknown facts and to reveal the inconsistency of old ways of explaining known facts. These difficulties in the most varied forms reveal themselves in problematic situations and require their utmost. This situation most often arises as a result of the discovery of facts that clearly do not fit within the framework of too many theoretical phenomena.
In a broad sense, the problem means an objective distortion, attributable to science and practice. In scientific research, the essence of the problem becomes contradictory between facts and theoretical understandings. If we can clearly formulate the problem, then the solution is not far away.
The correct formulation and clear formulation of the problem is very important, because it is very important for the strategy of research and direct scientific research, especially. To formulate a scientific problem means to show the difference between the minds of others, to explain what is already known and what is still unknown about the subject of investigation.
So it is very important to correctly formulate the topic at the beginning of the investigation. The topic of investigation is the perspective from which the problem is viewed. Vaughn represents the object of investigation in the singing aspect characteristic of a given robot. The topic must be presented in a more concise manner.
There is a problem of closely connecting the object and the subject of investigation. The object and subject of investigation as a category of the scientific process communicate with each other as if in secret and in private. The part of the object that is the subject of investigation is visible. The main respect of the investigator is directed at this; the subject of investigation itself signifies the theme of the work. Thus, an object is a process and a manifestation that gives rise to a problematic situation, a specific problem - those on which the follow-up activity is directed; subject - those at the boundaries of the object. The concept of “subject” of investigation means more specifically the object. The object includes those elements, ties, and lines in the middle of the object, which directly contribute to the decoration. One and the same object can be seen from different positions, as this indicates the subject of investigation.
From the subject of investigation, one finds a hidden place. The goal is the hidden formulation of the final result, which is to be removed during the investigation.
The formulation of the research mark can be determined by various methods - including living with scientific clichés. Let's look at some of them. You can put it behind the meta:
viyaviti...;
install...;
priming...;
clarify...;
rozrobiti...
The trace indicates that the investigator may have only one meta. Obviously, the subject and method indicate the required investigation.
The goal is the following steps to ensure the achievement of the set goals and to specify them. The duty of responsibility will be mutually related and reflect the hidden way of reaching the mark.
It is necessary to formulate the task carefully, as the fragments of the descriptions of their verses will become a substitution of chapters. The headings of the sections are announced according to the formula itself. It is best to formulate in a clear manner what must be done in order for the goal to be achieved.
The next important stage in the work on the investigation is the development of the investigation hypothesis. In the ancient Greek translation, hypothesis means “substitution, subsumption.” The hypothesis shows how the output fact should be translated into such a situation as required.
When formulating a hypothesis, use verbal constructions like: “if ..., then ...”; "so yak..."; "For the hell of it..." The hypothesis is responsible for the satisfaction of low vimog:
be re-verified;
be logically non-super-verbal;
Confirm the facts.
After formulating the hypothesis, the stage of identifying research methods follows. Method is a way of reaching and tracing. The choice of method depends on the very possibility of implementing the investigation - its implementation and the outcome of the desired result. Methods must take advantage of the phenomenon that appears to be indicative of you.
Scientific research methods are traditionally divided into two groups: theoretical and empirical methods. Theoretical methods reveal the essence of the phenomena that evolve, revealing natural connections and connections. They are analyzed in case of identified problems and formulation of research hypotheses (analysis, synthesis, abstraction, idealization, deduction, induction, etc.). Empirical methods serve to collect specific facts directly from their identification and description of phenomena ( caution, rosemova, interview, questionnaire; experiment, experiment). Before the investigation stage, such a set of methods will be thought out that will ensure that the assigned tasks are completed more accurately and correctly.
Rules for registration of pre-surveillance work
Vimogi to text
The work is printed on standard sides of white paper in A4 format (dimensions: horizontal – 210 mm, vertical – 297 mm). The text is written in a bright font (font size – 12 point) at two intervals between the rows on one side of the arch. All typewritten, handwritten and desk material can be easily read. All shortcuts in the text may be deciphered. The text of the article, including the formulas and the list of references, does not have to include 10 standard pages. For illustrations, an additional three more than 10 standard pages may be included. Illustrations are placed on adjacent pages, as they will be placed after posting in the main text. It is not allowed to increase the format of the pages, gluing the pages together with illustrations in a booklet, etc. The numbering of the pages is carried out at the top right corner. The main text of the report is numbered in Arabic numerals, the sides and illustrations are numbered in Roman numerals.
Butt of title page design
Murmansk
2009 r.
Example of application form
Entry…………………………………. Stor.
1. Chapter………………………………………………………
1.1. ………………………………………
1.2………………………………………..
1.3………………………………………..
2. Chapter……………………………………………………….
2.1………………………………………..
2.2………………………………………..
2.3……………………………………….
Conclusion……………………………….
List of references………………………
Addendum………………………………
Applications for the design of bibliographic documents
Bibliographic descriptions for books
1. Pakhomova N.Yu. Method of initial project in lighting installation: Handbook for teachers and students of pedagogical universities. - M.: ARKTI, 2003. - 57 p.
2. Savenkov A.I. Methodology of pre-school education for young schoolchildren. - 2nd edition, - Samara: Vidavnitstvo "Navchalna Literature", 2007. - 208 p.
Bibliographic descriptions for articles in periodicals
1. Volzhina I.A. Formation of environmental knowledge of schoolchildren through substantive and practical activities. //School and Virobnitstvo, 2006, No. 8, pp. 18-19.
2. Gilmeeva R.Kh. The role of the pre-investigative activity of the reader of the cob classes in the implementation of the ideas of the beginning / R. Kh. Gilmieva // Cob school: plus before and after. – 2006. – No. 4. – P. 58-60.
1. URL: http://www.researcher.ru/methodics/
2. URL: http://www.eidos.ru/journal/2002/0419.htm
Criteria for assessing student research
Sections: mathematics, physics, technosphere, medicine, biology, ecology, chemistry, geography, history, local history, law, sociology, economics, cultural studies, software and computer technology.
Section “Literary Studies” and “Linguistics” (Russian language)
Section “Literary Creativity”
Section "Psychology"
Section “Applied Mystery”
| № | Evaluation criteria | Max. ball |
| 1. | Novelty of the idea | 10 |
| 2. | Originality of the artistic image | 10 |
| 3. | The relevance of the study and the practical significance of the results of the work | 10 |
| 4. | Rarity of graphic presentation of the material | 5 |
| 5. | Technical level of the new product: design and technological features | 15 |
| 6. | The use of new technologies and materials, the non-traditional use of old materials | 15 |
| 7. | The diversity of the form and the constructive value of the design solution | 15 |
| 8. | The composition of the work and its features | 20 |
| 9. | Please present your work and win it before the jury | 10 |
| Together: | 110 |
Divided: A robot
I. Recommendations for writing pre-surveillance work: experimental and theoretical.
1. Structure and logic of pre-sleuth work.
Further work, such as creativity, can only be effective on a voluntary basis. Initial studies can be filled with lessons and primary initial work such as additional work, class work, and extracurricular work.
The main stages of the pre-sled work are the following:
Let's take a look at the stages of the report.
The structure of the previous work is standard, and standards cannot be followed. The investigation at which research begins has two main parts: methodological and procedural. First of all, it is necessary to see those who need to identify the problem.
Problem Although feasible, the solution may bring real harm to the participants in the investigation. Then we need to name it subject.
Subject It may be original, it has the necessary element of unpreparedness, unpredictability, it may be such that the robot could be victoriously executed.
It is necessary to understand why this problem itself needs to be dealt with immediately - this relevance .
The pre-investigative robot may have formulated meta - Which result is to be removed, which is to be determined, this result is to be determined even before this is taken away. Zazvichay meta lies near the vyvchennі singing boxes.
It is important for the investigator to see hypothesis the situation that is stolen. A hypothesis is something that has been transferred, it is more knowledgeable, it has already been brought to light. Initially, the hypothesis is neither true nor false – it is simply not proven.
Those who follow the investigation are stolen, but others are not marked. The status of the robotic process is either confirmed or abandoned. The hypothesis may be grounded in order to be supported by literary data and logical evidence.
After the designation, the goals and hypotheses are formulated zavdannya investigation The goal and the goal are not the same. The goal of the last robot is one, but in the end there will be nothing. The task is to show that you are going to work. The formulation of the order is closely related to the structure of the investigation. Moreover, the limits of the task can be set for the theoretical part and for the experimental part.
The robot may be present literary survey , here is a short description of what is known about the investigation of the phenomenon, in which the investigation of other authors is directly sought. In your eyes, you must show that you are familiar with the area and have tracked many of the treasures that you are setting up a new task, and do not shy away from those that have already been working for you for a long time.
Then describe methodology investigation This report description may be in the text of the work. This is a description of what the author has done to confirm the validity of the hypothesis.
See you again results investigation Official data obtained as a result of pre-investigation activities. It is necessary to compare the data with the data of scientific researchers by reviewing the literature on the problem and establishing the patterns revealed in the research process.
Slide mark novelty results that were collected from those that were not marked by others, as the results were taken first. Any shortcomings of practice can be corrected with the help of eliminating the results within an hour of tracking.
It is necessary to clearly understand the difference between the operational data and the data presented in the text of the work. The research process often produces a large array of numbers that the text does not need to represent. Therefore, work data is collected and presented as unnecessary. However, remember that you might want to get acquainted with the primary investigation material. To avoid overdoing the main part of the work, the original material can be added to supplement .
The most advantageous form of presenting data is graphic, as it makes the text as easy as possible for the reader to understand. First of all, make yourself a reader.
І the work ends visnovki . In some cases, the results of the investigation are posted according to the order of the Vikonannya. Renewals – these are short periods of nutrition – as a result of completing the final tasks.
Meta may be achieved in this case, since the primary hypothesis appears impossible.
2. Zakhistu procedure.
The offensive stage is proof of the natural result of the conquest of the pre-sled robot. The results of the work are presented at the conference, publicly.
The most recent confession: exactly the same emotional insight into the very essence of the investigation. In the course of the evidence, it is unacceptable to read the work, but briefly outline the main place of all sections and sections of the work. The mother needs to be respectful, so that the protrusion is trivial, which is allowed by the regulations, 10-15 minutes. Therefore, at the hour of preparing the evidence from the text of the work, the most important thing is selected. Sometimes you have to “sacrifice” certain important moments that you can do without them. When presenting the material, it is necessary to follow a general plan that demonstrates the structure and logic of the most recent work.
Rashta, as in the audience there is no interest in nutrition.
A work and a proof have been written on it - absolutely different genres of scientific creativity.
II. External rules for the design of research texts.
There are certain rules for formatting research texts and abstracts.
The summary of the abstract ranges from 20 to 25 pages of the original text (without supplements), the evidence – 1-5 pages (depending on the class number and the level of study readiness for this type of activity).
For text typed on a computer, font size 12-14, Times New Roman, primary; interval between rows – 1.5-2; Field size: left – 30 mm, right – 10 mm, top – 20 mm, bottom – 20 mm. (when changing the size of the margins, it is necessary to adjust both the right and left, and so the top and bottom margins become 40 mm.). If the parameters are selected correctly, the page can accommodate an average of 30 rows, and a row can accommodate an average of 60 other characters, including divisional signs and spaces between words.
The text clashes on one side of the page; The wines and notes are written on the same page as they appear (at 1 interval, in a different font, below the text).
All pages are numbered, starting from the title page; Place the digit of the page number in the center of the page; The page number is not inserted on the title arch. Every new section (introduction, sections, paragraphs, abstracts, list of devices, programs) starts on a new page.
Place between the section title (section or paragraph headings) and the following text may complement the three intervals. The title is spread out in the middle of the row; do not put a dot at the end of the title.
Title page The first side of the manuscript is to remember the sung rules.
The top margin is indicated outside the name of the initial mortgage, reinforced in front of the title page with a continuous border.
In the middle field, the name of the topic is indicated without the word “topic”. The name is written without paws. The title of the abstract may highlight the problem stated in it and indicate the main point of the work. When formulating topics, the following rules are followed: if there is a topic, then more words should be placed in the title. One or two words about the diversity, the lack of concreteness in the place, about those who work “about everything and nothing else.”
Below, in the center of the heading, the type of work and the initial subject (for example, an examination essay in biology) is indicated.
Even lower, closer to the right edge of the title page, the nickname, name, according to father’s school, class is indicated. Even lower - the nickname, the name, according to my father’s planting of the pottery plant and, as such, consultants.
The bottom field indicates the place and rik of the robot (without the word “rik”). The choice of size and type of font of the title page is not important. After the title page zmist, in which all the headlines are made and the pages are indicated, where the smell begins. The headings must accurately repeat the headings in the text. What follows intro, main text(either with sections or with short sections at the end of the skin section) and visnovok. The main text can be accompanied by illustrative material (little pictures, photographs, diagrams, diagrams, tables). If you mainly place quotes or messages on the list, it is necessary to indicate the number of the device behind the list and on the side of the square arms, for example, quotes and messages.
For example:
The ancient wisdom is to say: “Tell me - and I will forget, show me - and I will remember, let me do it myself - and I will learn.” After the infection it is accepted to place jerel list(no less than 3-5), which, as the whole thing was meant, can include different types of them. When compiling a list of documents, the literature (author, title of the book, place, publication, river, number of pages) is initially reviewed, then other items. The list is compiled and numbered following the alphabet of the authors' names. If the dzherelya does not indicate its author, then in the list the dzherelyo sits in place of its name.
Of course, we are talking about initial investigations, the results of which are often based on knowledge. This work, as always, creates motivation before starting creative activity and forms professional strengths.
The last robot can be completed in one unit or in a group. The level of difficulties and the place of guilt exceeds the level of the initial material by at least one class. The study may not be concerned with this subject, but the last activity will be carried out and will bring great value. The students are subject to strict precautions, descriptions and formalization of the results of the work, etc. first steps. The material may be accessible for research, and research can be carried out easily.
I will focus on the role of the teacher in pre-sleuth activity. The teacher assumes the role of a consultant, guesses directly, and edits the text. I establish the following algorithms for the activity of the reader to organize pre-investigative activities:
- Create positive motivation for work by posing a problem.
- The teacher has a full role in analyzing the problem.
- Awareness of surveillance methods.
- Folding the robot plan.
- Poshuk wipe.
- Intermediate control and correction of shaped robots.
- Zakhist roboti.
- Residual design and zakhist roboti.
List of references:
- Magazine “Zavuch” No. 1, 2001, M. Education.
- Savenkov A.I. "Navchalne dosledzhennya", Moscow, 2003
- Magazine “Biology at school” No. 1, 2003, “School-Pres – 1”
- Lanina I.Ya. "Not a lesson alone", M. Prosvitnitstvo, 1991
The meta of the competent design of the pre-study work is to demonstrate the skills of students in independent developments, which are carried out using current methods. In addition, it is used in the analysis of the results obtained and compared with the book data. Schoolchildren and students can demonstrate how to proceed with scientifically grounded systems.
Today we will talk both about the structure of the pre-slednitsa work and the basic principles of its design. The main advantages here are accuracy, consistency, consistency and maximum consistency of the place. There is a need to know how to design pre-sleep robots for kindergartens! Let us talk today about the lives of students and schoolchildren.
What to write about at the entrance
The purpose of this section is to briefly characterize the problem in our current state, to outline the relevance of science, its significance from the point of view of science (as well as practice). In addition, formulate the main objectives and identify the subject of investigation and the object, and present the main hypothesis. At the same time, the butt of the design can be applied to the best of your ability (perhaps, in a very simple way).
The underlying relevance of the information provided is unique in its richness. Head - to show the significance and relevance of it, as the essence of the obvious problem.
A classic example of the rules for the design of scientific research work for a schoolchild or student is given below for the formulation of the main principles and clarification of specific tasks, which may be necessary for this purpose. As a rule, information is provided in the form of a transfer - the very aspects of the trace are revealed, read, updated, described, etc. For one mark, the task can be stuck in the window. Its optimal quantity is from three to five.
The formulation of the mark may place the insertion in a hidden place and direct investigation. Place this trace in one sentence. The goal is organically linked to those and may be completely in tune with it.
What is this zavdannya?
With the help of specifications, we clarify our route and lay out routes to reach it. The formulation of each of them corresponds to the final stage of the replacement and most often serves as the title of a specific chapter.
At the beginning, it is imperative to formulate both the object of investigation and the subject. Understood first are the phenomena (or processes) that gave rise to this problematic situation, which must be addressed. The subject of investigation is just a part of the object. It indicates the topic and is included as a title on the title page.
This is an example of the design of pre-slednytsia work with formulations in a figurative style, followed by the title being expressed in more scientific terms.
Hypothesis is one of the most important elements of research. What's this? Under this term we mean, from a scientific point of view, the assumption that there is an explanation (to the point of the mind) of simple phenomena, their causes and natural connections. The area of the hypothesis is the natural middle, healthy life and human mind.
Section dedicated to reviewing literature
Each author needs to provide a lot of information about basic work, such as on the topic of controlled nutrition. Another necessary skill involves working directly with book materials, collecting, analyzing and compiling the facts they have discovered. Either way, the design of the final work encourages the author to demonstrate a thorough knowledge of the designated area in terms of as many elements as possible, which allows him to set before himself serious scientific tasks.
The text in this section is accompanied by references to the material that is being researched for the work. The same goes to the obvious tables and little ones. Conducting a survey of the literature, one ends up wandering off the topic. It is not possible to report all the information you have read, most of which will indirectly address the problem.
The application of the design of scientific research work for schoolchildren and students demonstrates that this section is recommended to be completed with a short summary in order to prospects for future development of the topic.
Since our work is conceived in a natural way and uses materials taken from the natural minds of the world, then the following will be transferred to the following sections.
Methodology and research material
The application of the design of scientific research work in this part includes an indication of the area where the data was collected, the dates of the collection of materials, information about those who were monitored, and the safety of its object. When talking about experimental work, it is important to clearly indicate the place where it was carried out.
The methods of investigation take into account the methods and techniques that the author uses in his work. They lie behind the assigned tasks and act as tools for obtaining factual material. Among these, you can see methods that can be compared to the hidden ones (in the eyes of caution, leveling, modification, modeling, synthesis, analysis, experiment, questionnaire, testing, interviewing) and others (of a private nature), which will stagnate She's at the high school koli's place.
What is the difference between the method and the technique? You will understand this in any application of the design of pre-sleuth work. What remains is the diagnostics and data processing methods, as well as the explanation of the results. Since the methodology is not the author’s (the description can be found in the literature), a report is not required. It’s enough to get around to sending messages on the outside. If changes are made before they are made, they must be described in a report to justify this need. The same applies to entirely original methods.
What else needs to be added?
The application of the design of the final work of the schoolchild and student is transferred, in addition to the other, in which section there is a transfer of tools and accessories that are used in the work, from the designated permissible deviation of all parameters. c.
The section that characterizes the area of investigation is formed by the literature. This is of great importance in studies of a natural-scientific nature, geo- and biological ones. In similar robots, the division is even wider.
About the results follow
The “Results” section is usually the main one. Here you can find out how to design practical parts of pre-sleuth work. Call for a number of parts depending on a number of specific tasks. This place is included in the report on the findings with its own illustrations (as needed) of small figures, tables, graphs, diagrams and photos. The picture is drawn from data taken from third-party sources.
The text on the table or the little ones in the text of this section are obligatory. Based on the rules of design, which we’ll talk about below, the design briefly summarizes the main points (instead of using the word “new”).
In times of great concern, the material of the revealed data may have its own separate section. Here the author should be careful, make the necessary observations and present facts and data. Itself here to be guided yogo іz from the hidden point of the gaze and motivated by the list.
The results were brought into strict order, but they were as simple as statistical analysis. Try using different computer programs on Excel or, at the very least, special algorithms that will be written specifically for this investigation (which can be done one day).
Visnovki
The purpose of this section is to briefly formulate the recommendations between the skin points, give practical recommendations and outline the prospects for future research. Whenever specific results are removed, the layout will be replaced with a smaller, more spacious layout. This completes the role of the ending, logically formats the removal of the pouches and ties them to the specified and final destination.
In the verses, it is obligatory to indicate that the author of the delivered mark has reached it, and what kind of world it is. This will most likely be presented in the future as an example of the correct design of the pre-sleuth work.
"Literature" and "Supplements"
These sections are dedicated to re-arranging in alphabetical order a comprehensive list of popular robots. Finally, if some of them are seen by foreign languages, they are also followed by the alphabet, after the list of Russian languages. The numbering has a sketchy character.
The "Supplementary" contains most of the supplementary and additional materials in order to avoid the complexity of the main text. Their place can be even different. There are also originals of these and other documents and investigative protocols for specific data.
The form of materials can be graphics, text, map, table, illustration, photo, etc. bud. Whether any of the supplements appears in the form of a rounded arkush, the kutku (right-handed one) has the word “Addendum” with a specific heading. As such, their numbering is carried out without the sign No. in addition to Arabic numerals. There is also a cutting nature and the continuation of the numbering of arches in the text of the work. Link the addendums to the main document zavdyaki posilannyam (div. Addendum 1).
Doslednytska robot: butt (size) design
Print them on standard white paper paper frames in A4 format. Roztashuvannya – more vertical. Mix the margins from the leaves (2 cm at the top and bottom, 1 cm for the right hand and 3 cm for the left hand). There is no need to circle them.
It is necessary to achieve the optimal cover of the sheets. It is not his fault that he is so great. Best if there are a lot of sides – from 15 to 20.
The text is altered, as a rule, on a computer with a constant interval between rows and a repeat of the character. Place it on one side of the skin arch, align with the words transferred along the width of the text. The dot is used as a tenth sign.
Necessary nuances
All abbreviations facilitate basic decoding. As soon as necessary, explanations of the skin are carried out at the first stage.
The pages are numbered starting from the fourth after the page. The number is placed in the middle of the sheet. The title page appears as the first side. As the mysteries of plants, creatures, microorganisms become clearer, their species names are given in Latin at the arches. The nickname of the author who first described this phenomenon is also indicated.
If research is carried out in the field of botany, it is necessary to provide a specific herbarium before work.
Robot structure
On the first (title) arkushi there is indicated the name (legal nature) of the establishment where the work was carried out. Further by great writers - the name of the work itself, then the nickname, the name of the Viconavian, his class or group, as well as information about the ceremonial worker and consultant (such as such). For obvious reasons, it is necessary to guess the conditions and stages of the skin. It is important to apply the design of scientific research work of students. Below is the identification of the settlement and the river of Vikonannya.
Another sheet of zmіstu praci (zmіst). It is necessary to combine a different set of headings and subheadings, whose consistency with the text can be easily followed. The numbers of the pages from which the sections begin are indicated.
Any title should be written with great letters. As a matter of principle, do not place a speck. Headings are numbered using an indexing system (1.1, 1.2, ...).
Let's move on to the text
The third sheet is assigned to the entry. Obsyag yogo, as it confirms the classic butt of the design of the pre-slednik work, is therefore outweighed by the size of the page.
Starting from the fourth arkush, we move on to the main part of the work with sections called “Vishche”. It is always framed as a whole text, separated by small intervals. Each of the sections may be seen under numbering (3.1, 3.2 or later), the titles of all sections will also appear in the bibliography.
After finishing, most of the time you will have to worry about drafts (or drafts are being written). For whom do you vikorist around the paper? Literature will also be reinvented from a new side.
How to format illustrative material
All tables are numbered in the same order. The arrangement on the arch can be either horizontal or vertical. Right-handed trace: “Table number...”. In the middle of the row below is the name.
At the same time, in front of any literary figure, there is an obov'yazkova vase at the arms after the name of the message to the new one. Since the table is based on results and literature data, it is intended to be expanded in various parts. Whenever necessary, all necessary notes should be entered under the table.
If the size is too large (does not fit one sheet), it is possible to transfer the offensive (at the arches - “continuation” or “completion”). The table header is displayed only once.
All graphic images that can be found in the form of diagrams, photographs, diagrams, graphs or babies are also numbered and designated as babies. Wrap them with stew and black paste. It is necessary for the author to pay attention to the details of the numbers and symbols. Below the baby there is a corresponding designation - “Fig. (Number)” and name. Below you can create a numbered list of mental names.
As with the tables, there is a message in the literature of the little ones. The image has been created with modifications to the original, but is not indicated in accordance with its instructions.
Scientific research work: butt design made
The form of the vase is placed in the dzherel. The rest are articles or books that have an author or a number of authors, as well as witnesses, dictionaries and school assistants.
If a book contains one or two authors, the messages are formatted with their names marked at the arms without initials, re-insurance through whom the fate of the day has been seen. Another option is to indicate the author’s nickname in the text itself. In which type the initials are indicated, the river of appearance is indicated at the temples.
Since the author's team consists of more than two individuals, you can guess the nickname of the first of them based on the additions. or "with co-authors". Unfortunately, if there are too many authors (this includes encyclopedias, dictionaries, etc.), instead of nicknames, the name of the book is used.
As a rule, long-term literary projects are named no more than once. Far away the stench grows fast. Whenever there is a verbatim quotation in the text, the number of the page with the fragment that is being quoted is indicated.
How to prepare a list of literature
It is good to follow the usual bibliographical rules for various texts. The example of the design of the pre-slednytsky work of a schoolboy or student can be done in the same way. Any articles or books are listed in alphabetical order from the red row. The beginning, as expected, will be induced by Russian robots, and lower by foreign ones.
It is obligatory for all types of information about authors, titles, output data and general characteristics to be assigned. Below the output data there is information about the name of the publication, the location of its distribution and the direction of exit. Name the place where you can look around, behind the scenes of Moscow and St. Petersburg, as is customary to live with a short time.
The multiplicity of characteristics means the number of sides. As soon as you talk about a magazine or collection, you will be directed to those pages that are directly related to publication. In this case, the information is based on the appearance of the insertion through the dash of the numbers of the first and the remaining ones.
When you go to the website, find a list of emails, besides the author and name, and post the web page address.